Background: Although pyrimethamine (Tindurin™) appears to be effective in the prevention and treatment of some infectious diseases, very little information exists on its unpredictable properties. We design this study to evaluate its anti-tumoral effect on a model of cell line.Methods: The cytotoxic influence of Pyrimethamine on prostate cell line was investigated using an in vitro colometric assay. The potential modulatory effects on metastasis, apoptosis, and immortality characteristics of cells were assessed with gelatin zymography, terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay and telomeric repeat amplification protocol, respectively.Results: Cytotoxicity analysis of pyrimethamine revealed a dosedependent fashion. An apoptotic influence of pyrimethamine was also confirmed by data obtained from TUNEL assay. Dose-dependent inhibitory effect on MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASES ((MMP)) was seen in pyrimethamine. A potent inhibitory effect of pyrimethamine was also established by data achieved from TRAPeze telomerase detection kit.Conclusions: Collectively, as induction of apoptosis together with (MMP) and telomerase inhibition could be indicative of cancer treatment, pyrimethamine might be considered as a chemopreventative agent in cancer.

Context: MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASES ((MMP)s) are multigene family structurally and functionally related end oproteinases. The basic action of 23 types of (MMP)s collectively involves degradation of virtually every component of extracellular MATRIX (ECM) in tumor cells migration and metastasis process. This review article aimed at surveying (MMP)s specific role in various steps and cellular pathways involving in breast carcinogenesis.Evidence Acquisition: This review article compromised published articles in PubMed and Google Scholar according to keywords since 1988.Results: Based on the recent researches, certain (MMP)s play critical role in breast cancer initiation, invasion, and metastasis. They can be regarded as predictive biomarkers of primary diagnosis and prognosis of breast cancer and have predictive value for evaluation of disease, tumor recurrence, invading of tumor cells to other sites and therapeutic outcomes.Conclusions: In summary, the results of this review article provide rational evidences for applying in human clinical trials toward (MMP)s in breast cancer therapies.